Vanadium has 23 electrons arranged as 2, 8, 11, 2 across 4 shells, which is why it sits in period 4.
Electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing energy: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p… Each s orbital holds 2 electrons, p holds 6 and d holds 10. Placing Vanadium's 23 electrons in that order gives 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d3.
| Atomic number | 23 |
| Symbol | V |
| Atomic mass | 50.942 u |
| Group | 5 |
| Period | 4 |
| Block | d-block |
| Category | Transition metal |